Jan 01, · The French Revolution of had many long-range causes. Political, social, and economic conditions in France contributed to the discontent felt by many French people-especially those of the third estate. The ideas of the intellectuals of the Enlightenment brought new views to government and society. The American Revolution also influenced the coming of the French May 09, · The Great French Revolution is the largest social revolution of the New time. It is a period in history of France from to , during which a radical turn happened in the country affecting all the spheres of life. In particular a monarchy was abolished and a republic was proclaimed Religion & Theology Essay Description: The French revolution is an uprising in France in a period from to when the revolutionaries overthrew the monarchy, and it was caused by political, economic and social issues and led to the establishment of France as a republic (Livesey, ). It is worth noting that the uprising
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The Great French Revolution is the largest social revolution of the New time. It is a period in history of France from toduring which a radical turn happened in the country affecting all the spheres of life. In particular a monarchy was abolished and a republic was proclaimed. All in all French revolution is a central event in the cultural and political life of Western Europe at the end of XVIII and the beginning of the XIX century that affected the subsequent development of the European history.
The financial pre-conditions of revolution were connected with the development of the capitalist mode in the so-called the old regime, the french revolution essay, its motive forces were caused to living by contradictions, accompanying this process.
A direct reason of revolution was a bankruptcy of the state that had no possibility to pay off huge debts without the rejection of the system with archaic privileges, based on the exalted station, family connections and gentility. The unsuccessful attempts of the royal power to reform this system aggravated dissatisfaction of noblemen by falling down of their influence and encroachment upon their native the french revolution essay. Politically, despite the great power and authority of the monarch, there were also three distinguishable forces which later comprised the Estates General.
To put it more precisely there were three estates that had political influence. The first estate constituted of clergy representing Catholic Church which was traditionally loyal to the monarchy.
The second estate was formed by nobility which traditionally was in a privileged position, while the third consisted of the middle class and peasants. Forming the National Assembly and meeting of the Estates General. In order to solve the existing problems France needed not only socio-economic but also political changes for this purpose the King Louis XVI was forced to make the french revolution essay convocation of the General states on the 5-th of that the french revolution essay not have gathered since [i].
Basically, it constituted of the three estates mentioned above. Remarkably each estate had one vote that theoretically made them equal. At the same time, the role of the third estate was still underestimated and some of the representatives of clergy like Abbe Sieyes as well as those of nobility criticized the power and rights the third estate was given. In response their opponents underlined the injustice and discrimination of the third estate which actually should be given much more power than both clergy and nobility since it was representing the people which founded the state and consequently, it was even possible to estimate that this estate is the state itself.
What has it been up to now in the political order? What does it demand? To become something herein. In the situation of the economic crisis, political changes were needed and the third estate had started to play the dominant role, refusing to discuss details of the Estates General proposed by the King and other two estates, on the th of June the representatives of the third estate proclaimed themselves the National assembly, allowing the other two estates to join them.
The king naturally ordered the the french revolution essay of the Salle des Etats where the Assembly met. In response the deputies proceeded in a tennis court situated nearby and swore the Tennis Court Oath, June 20,refusing to separate until the constitution would be given to France, the french revolution essay. On the rd of Junes on proposal of Mirabo renounced to submit a royal decree about their dismissal [iv].
On the 9-th of July the Assembly named itself Constituent, proclaiming their purpose of making new constitutional bases of the new political order. The threat of dispersal of the Constituent assembly caused a revolt in Paris. In this respect, it is important to underline that at this point the urban poor was actively involved in the further events leading to the revolution. On the th of July a fortress-prison Bastille, a symbol of absolutism was assaulted.
This day is considered to be a date of the beginning of revolution. The french revolution essay taking of the Bastille the wave of �municipal revolutions�� took place during which the new elected bodies of local government were created all over the country [v]. The revolution army national guard was formed and Laffayet became the head of it, the french revolution essay.
Agitations blazed up also in the country: peasants burned locks, destroyed a lot of documents of feudal right and liege archives. On the nightly meeting on the 4-th of Augusts a constituent assembly declared �complete elimination of feudal order�� and abolition of some most odious liege rights.
Other duties of peasants were subjected to their the french revolution essay. Principles of new civil society were fastened in �The Declaration of human and citizen rights�� on August, 26which was actually significantly influenced by the US Declaration of Independence August 26, that served as a model.
Obviously, the new order had been establishing but royalists opposed to this process which they attempted to block. In the result of this opposition the people of Paris, basically women, marched on Versailles on 5 October that was later called the march of the women, the french revolution essay.
In this the french revolution essay, it is worthy to note that many specialists [vi] underline the great role of women in the French Revolution. For instance, Perry Pedden and Von Laue emphasize that the participation of women in the French revolution was very significant and they played an important role due to the activity of such women as Christine de Pisan whose works had been read the french revolution essay that period for the sole reason that she was a woman writer, which was almost an unheard occupation for women of that time.
Constitutional debates in the Assembly were accompanied with the acceptance of decrees, regulating the major sides of life in France, the french revolution essay. The new territorial-administrative division of the country, creating modern departments, was ratified. The electiveness of sidesmen, the french revolution essay, obligatory oath of priests of allegiance of constitution deprived the catholic church of independent political role.
Undertaken for satisfaction of national debt the french revolution essay coverage of current expenses so-called national property confiscated church and emigrant lands and also domains of the crown resulted in the redistribution of property. On the first stage of revolution the power was in the hands of that part of the nobility and bourgeoisie, which had financial claims against royal power and aimed to satisfy them by all means. At that time the french revolution essay political managing a country was carried out by the group or so to say �patriotic society�� called Jacobinic club.
Through the ramified network of branches in province it influenced greatly the politicization of the greater part of population. An unprecedented value was purchased by journalism: �Friend of people�� by Marat, the french revolution essay, �Dad Duchene�� by Eber, �French patriot�� by Brisso, �Ferrous mouths�� of N.
Bonville, the �Rural the french revolution essay by Cherutty and other newspapers acquainted readers with the difficult palette of political fight, the french revolution essay. On June, 21 the King, having the status of the head of the state, but being in Paris actually on the rights of the hostage, together with his family tried to escape secretly to Austrian Netherlands, but was identified and detained in the french revolution essay township of Varenn [viii].
This crisis compromised the Constitutional monarchy. On the th of July on the Champ-de-Mars mass manifestation, requiring renunciation of Louis XVI, was shot up in Paris. Trying to rescue a monarchy the Assembly allowed the king to sign the finally accepted constitution and, exhausting his plenary powers, divided.
That crisis served to be a signal to a formation of coalition of European powers against revolutionary France. From the beginning of Girondists began the discussion of measures, preparing disestablishment.
On June, 18 and August, 25 the General court abolished buying feudal rights back, except for those cases, when �primary�� documents were produced, determining the transmission of lands by certain duties, the french revolution essay. On the th of April by initiative of Girondists France declared war of Austria, on the the french revolution essay of which Prussia came forward soon [ix].
Inevitable for every revolution devastation, inflation, growth of costlines caused more protests of rural and city population. The failures of the first months of war were generated by suspecting of treason. On June, 20 the crowd of Parisian sans-culottes burst into the palace, but did not obtain from king the approval on decrees about deportation of the unsworn priests and about creation of military camp in the french revolution essay neighborhood of Paris for the rescue of the capital from Austrian and Prussian armies.
In July the General court was declared that the country was in great danger. The stream of volunteers gushed in a revolutionary army. On the th of August Parisian sections, territorial associations, leaning on the support of province, led a revolt. The overthrow of monarchy became the top of political success of Girondists.
On September, 21 a legislature passed to Convention in which Montanjars vied with Girondists under the head of Robespierre. Beginning at once after the revolt of August, 10 appearance of Prussian-Austrian troops caused the new national getting up, simultaneously provoking next ears about a plot in to the rear.
In this respect, it is possible to trace a characteristic typical for many national movements. For instance, American War for Independence was also targeted on the elimination of British authority and the struggle against the oversea oppressors really united the nation.
The mass beatings of prisoners in Parisian prisons at the beginning of September became the precursor of coming terror. On September, 20 near Valmi to the west from Verdun the French revolutionary army under the command of generals of Kellermann and Dumurje won a first victory. On November, 6 at Dumurje broke up Austrians and occupied Belgium.
However war required new forces. A call-up of thousands a man in February discontented in a number of departments and served as a subject for a beginning of Vandei, sanguinary peasant war in the West of France, and also to the revolts in southeast, in Tulone and Marseilles.
Economic crisis, mass disturbances, overgrowing revolt of peasants of Vandei, defeat near Neervinden on March, 18 related with Girondists of Dumurje and his passing to the side of enemy predetermined falling of this party and death of its leaders. On June, 2 the transition of power to montanjars as a result of the revolt of Parisians on the st of May meant the political victory of new bourgeoisie of capital, arisen up in the years of revolution due to the purchase-sale of national property and inflations above the ancient regime and capital, folded mainly to [x].
Before coming to power of montanjars obtained execution of the king: on the st of January Louis XVI was guillotined in Paris on the square of Revolution, now Square of Consent [xi], the french revolution essay.
On the agrarian legislation of Jacobeans June-July communal and emigrant earths were passed to the peasants for a devision; all of feudal rights and privileges was destroyed fully without every redemption. In September a government set a universal maximum high bound of prices on the products of consumption and wages for workers. It was expected for the poor; however very advantageous it was profitable for some large merchants, the french revolution essay became rich because of wholesale deliveries and beggared their competitors of shallow the french revolution essay. Jacobins continued treading on a catholic church and entered a republican calendar, the french revolution essay.
A constitution, declaring universal the right to vote, was accepted inhowever the realization of this principle was set aside to the best times from critical position of republic [xii]. Jacobinic dictatorship, successfully utilizing initiative of social grounds, showed the complete denial of liberal principles.
Industrial production and agriculture, the french revolution essay, finances and the french revolution essay, public festivals and private life of citizens were exposed to strict regulation. However much it halted the further deepening of economic and social crisis. In September the Convention was �put terror on an order-paper�� [xiii]. Higher organ of executive power of Jacobinic dictatorship, the Committee of public rescue sent the representatives to all of departments, providing with their extraordinary plenary powers.
Beginning with those, who hoped to revive the ancient regime or simply reminded about him, jacobinic terror did not spare such famous revolutionaries, as Danton or Demulen. The concentration of power in the hands of Robespierre was accompanied with a complete isolation, caused by mass executions.
The victory of general Jordon above Austrians on the th of June at Fleryuse Belgium gave the guarantees of inviolability of new property, the tasks of Jacobenean dictatorship were exhausted and a necessity was fallen off.
Revolution of July 9 termidorasent Robespierre and his nearest associates under the knife of guillotine [xiv]. In September first in history of France a decree about disestablishment was accepted.
Confiscations and sales of emigrant property were not halted, the french revolution essay. In summer the republican army of general Gosh raided forces of rebels of shuanov and royalists, landings from the English ships on the peninsula of Kiberon, the french revolution essay.
In October 13, 5 republican troops of Napoleon Bonaparte were crushed down royalist revolt in Paris. However in the policy of changing power groups all a greater scope was acquired by a fight against folk masses. Folk revolts were low-spirited in Paris of April, 1 the french revolution essay May, protected France from a threat restoration of the ancient regime, and from the new getting up of revolutionary motion.
Revolution was completed on November, 9 with the establishment of �hard power�� of dictatorship of Napoleon. Thus, it is possible to conclude that the French Revolution produced a dramatic impact on the historical development of France and the whole world.
Probably first time in the history, people really the french revolution essay against oppression and started active struggle against the privileged classes.
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Religion & Theology Essay Description: The French revolution is an uprising in France in a period from to when the revolutionaries overthrew the monarchy, and it was caused by political, economic and social issues and led to the establishment of France as a republic (Livesey, ). It is worth noting that the uprising May 14, · French Revolution Essay. The French revolution essay requires the student to discuss the goals of the revolution and determine whether the it was successful. It may also require the student to discuss the causes and effects of the revolution. Here is an example essay to give you some inspiration to get blogger.comted Reading Time: 8 mins The French Revolution French Revolution was a horrifying event that was from to The revolution overthrew the monarchy, established a republic and created political chaos. The french revolution started because most people were denied basic rights because the King and Queen cared only for themselves, the economic crisis in France, and social injustices
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